Camellia sinensis is indigenous to and parts of The wild tea plant can develop into a tree 30 meters high, so that monkey were trained to pick the leaves and throw them down for collection below. Today, under cultivation, Camellia Sinensis is kept to a height of approximately one-meter for easy plucking purposes. There are more than 1,500 teas to choose from more than 29 different listed countries around the world but the main producers are and It is cultivated as a plantation crop, likes acidic soil and a warm climate with at least 50 inches of rain per annum.

Major Robert Bruce discovered tea plants in upper Assam, this discovery virtually laid the foundation of the tea Industry in India. Even after this discovery tea seeds continued to be imported from China, and following germination at the Botanical Garden, Calcutta, they were dispatched to Assam and western Himalayas. The original seeds succeeded only in the Kangra Valley but not in Assam, where attention was paid to cultivate tea from the indigenous stock.

Although the tea habit was acquired by China and its Neighboring countries early, the tea culture reached the West only in the 17th Century. The Europeans could not appreciate the delicacy of tea and the gentle stimulation it produces. But, surprisingly the British liked it immensely. They not only consumed tea by the gallon, but also began cultivating the plant in the Indian state of Assam, and ended the monopoly enjoyed by the Chinese for thousand years.

The first commercial effort in organized tea growing was started by Assam Tea Company in 1839. The pioneering efforts to manufacture tea were made by George Williamson, who gave the first direction in the development of Tea technology in India. By middle of the 19th century corporate tea companies were organized to operate in Assam and elsewhere. By 1856, major production centers began in Darjeeling and Cachar, in the Terai in 1862, and in the Dooars in 1874. This was followed by rapid growth in the Nilgiris, Travancore-Wynaad and the Annamalais.